1. palace examination (national Chinese civil servant examination based largely on classic literature); someone who has passed this examination
2. examination for promotion in the Ministry of Ceremonies (based largely on political duties and Chinese classics); someone who has passed this examination
1. Was not a successful candidate in the imperial examinations.; Was not a *jinshi*.
1. Was a successful candidate in the imperial examinations.; Was a *jinshi*.
1. Not a jinshi.; Not a successful candidate in the imperial examinations.
1. If a successful candidate; If one passes the imperial examinations
1. Graduate of the imperial examinations.; Scholar.
1. Was not a successful candidate in the imperial examinations.; Was not a *jinshi*.
1. Was not a successful candidate in the imperial examinations.; Was not a *jinshi*.
1. Was not a successful candidate in the imperial examinations.; Was not a scholar.
1. If/when a successful candidate in the imperial examinations…; If/when a scholar…
