nangyōkugyō
1. penance; hardship
Expression
#290031
1. penance; hardship
1. high-ranking court noble; senior court official
2. three lords and nine ministers (of the ancient Chinese government)
1. penance; austerities
2. difficult work; strenuous task
1. penance
1. ascetic
1. the hard way; striving for enlightenment through one's own efforts (as opposed to reliance on Amitabha) — explanation
1. silpasthanavidya (ancient Indian study of the arts, incl. mathematics and mechanics)
1. Of court nobles; Noble's
1. Ascetic practices with; Through hardship
1. Ascetic; Austere