ひるむ【
怯む
】

hirumu

Godan Verb (mu)

1. to falter; to flinch (from); to recoil (from); to quail (at); to be intimidated; to feel daunted; to be discouraged; to hesitate

Intransitive

Usually Written in Kana

危険きけんなどにひるまず、彼かれは平気へいきでいる。

kikennadoni hirumazu karewa hēkide iru.

He remains calm in the face of danger.

60 Variants Available

Essential 8 items

ひるまない

hirumanai

The negative form

1. Not shrinking; Not flinching

Verb

#120285

ひるまなかった

hirumanakatta

The past negative form

1. Did not shrink back; Did not be intimidated

Verb

#242381

ひるんだ

hirunda

The past form

1. hesitated; flinched

Verb

#85960

ひるんで

hirunde

て-form: Used to connect clauses, make requests, or chain actions

1. Hesitating; Being afraid

Verb

#100766

ひるみました

hirumimashita

The polite past form

1. Was shy; Was afraid

Verb

#386181

ひるみます

hirumimasu

The polite form

1. To be shy; To be timid

Verb

#392912

ひるみません

hirumimasen

The polite negative form

1. I don't flinch.; I won't back down.

Verb

#312141

ひるみませんでした

hirumimasendeshita

The polite, past negative form

1. Did not flinch.; Did not shy away.

Verb

#408943

Common 24 items

ひるまないで

hirumanaide

A plain negative request ("don't...")

1. Don't be afraid.; Don't flinch.

Verb

#233215

ひるまなきゃ

hirumanakya

A casual expression of obligation ("gotta do")

1. Must face; Have to confront

Verb

#1364363

ひるまなくてもいう

hirumanakutemo iu

Expresses lack of necessity ("don't have to do")

1. Don't have to be afraid.; Don't have to back down.

Adjective

#1364363

ひるまなければならない

hirumanakereba naranai

Expresses obligation ("must do")

1. Must not be cowardly.; Mustn't back down.

Adjective

#1364363

ひるみたい

hirumitai

Expresses the desire to do something ("want to…")

1. Seems shy; Seems timid

Verb

#508349

ひるみたくない

hirumitakunai

Expresses the lack of desire to do something ("do not want to…")

1. Don't want to flinch.; Don't want to recoil.

Verb

#1364363

ひるむところ

hirumu tokoro

Indicates being about to do something

1. Hesitating; Flinching

Verb

#720255

ひるむみたい

hirumu mitai

Expresses appearance based on observation ("looks like...")

1. Seems scared.; Looks timid.

Verb

#1364363

ひるめない

hirumenai

Expresses inability (cannot do)

1. Will not yield.; Will not be intimidated.

Verb

#1364363

きょうめる

kyōmeru

Expresses ability (can do)

1. Coward; Intimidate

Verb

#1364363

ひるもう

hirumō

Informal suggestion or intention ("let's…")

1. Let's be careful.; Let's be cautious.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんじゃう

hirunja u

The completive aspect (contracted form) - indicates completion or regret

1. To be scared; To flinch

Verb

#332530

ひるんじゃダメ

hirunja dame

A casual prohibition ("not allowed to...")

1. Don't be shy.; Don't be afraid.

Verb

#265380

ひるんだばかり

hirundabakari

Indicates an action has just been completed

1. Just flinched.; Just hesitated.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんでいない

hirunde inai

The negative of an ongoing action or state

1. Not afraid; Not shrinking back

Verb

#707271

ひるんでいる

hirunde iru

Expresses an ongoing action or state

1. Being afraid; Being timid

Verb

#261482

ひるんでわいけない

hirundewa ikenai

Expresses prohibition ("must not do")

1. Must not be afraid.; Do not be timid.

Adjective

#1364363

ひるんでもいう

hirundemo iu

Expresses permission ("may do")

1. May be shy.; It's okay to be timid.

Adjective

#1364363

ひるんどく

hirundoku

Preparatory: doing something in advance or leaving it done

1. To be prepared; To be cautious

Verb

#1364363

ひるまないでください

hirumanaide kudasai

A polite negative request ("please don't...")

1. Don't be shy.; Don't be afraid.

Verb

#569412

ひるみなさい

hiruminasai

A polite command form (e.g., parent to child)

1. Be humble.; Be modest.

Verb

#1364363

ひるみましょう

hirumimashō

Formal suggestion or intention ("let's…")

1. Let's be cautious.; Let's be wary.

Verb

#1364363

ひるめます

hirumemasu

The polite form for expressing ability

1. Can be humble.; Can manage.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんでいます

hirunde imasu

Polite form for an ongoing action or state

1. Is being shy.; Is being timid.

Verb

#650344

Advanced 28 items

ひるませられる

hirumaserareru

The causative-passive form (is made to be done)

1. To be intimidated; To be frightened

Verb

#641880

ひるませる

hirumaseru

The causative voice (to make/let someone do)

1. Intimidate; Frighten

Verb

#154428

ひるまないでくれ

hirumanaide kure

A masculine negative request

1. Don't be afraid.; Don't back down.

Verb

#1364363

ひるまなければいけない

hirumanakereba ikenai

Alternative obligation form

1. Must not be cowardly; Mustn't give way

Adjective

#1364363

ひるまれる

hirumareru

The passive voice (is done by …)

1. To be avoided; To be feared

Verb

#891582

ひるみがち

hirumigachi

Indicates a tendency to do something

1. Prone to; Timid

Verb

#891582

ひるみきる

hirumikiru

Emphasizes complete achievement

1. Completely overcome; Fully subdued

Verb

#1364363

ひるみそうだ

hirumisōda

Expresses appearance from visual evidence

1. Looks like shrinking back.; Seems timid.

Verb

#1364363

ひるみっぱなし

hirumippanashi

Indicates something is left in a state

1. Hesitant; Timid

Verb

#1364363

ひるみぬく

hiruminuku

Emphasizes perseverance through completion

1. Perseverance; Completion without flinching

Verb

#1364363

ひるむそうだ

hirumu sōda

Expresses hearsay ("I heard that...")

1. Seems afraid.; Seems to shrink back.

Verb

#1364363

ひるむと

hirumuto

The "-to" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If/when one shrinks back; If/when one flinches

Verb

#217413

ひるむな

hirumuna

A strong, direct prohibition ("don't!")

1. Don't flinch.; Don't be afraid.

Verb

#41359

ひるむなら

hirumunara

The "-nara" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If/when afraid; If/when hesitant

Verb

#1364363

ひるむようだ

hirumu yōda

A more formal way to express appearance ("appears that...")

1. Seems; Looks like

Verb

#1364363

ひるむらしい

hirumurashii

Expresses appearance based on inference ("seems that...")

1. Seems shy.; Seems timid.

Verb

#1364363

ひるめ

hirume

A strong, direct command

1. Intimidate; Cow

Verb

#237933

ひるめば

hirumeba

The "-eba" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If/when timid; If/when shy

Verb

#405013

ひるんだそうだ

hirunda sōda

Expresses hearsay about a past event ("I heard that...")

1. Apparently shrank back.; Apparently flinched.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんだだろう

hirundadarō

Expresses probability ("probably…")

1. Probably hesitated.; Probably flinched.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんだところ

hirunda tokoro

Indicates just did something

1. Flinched; Hesitated

Verb

#202789

ひるんだら

hirundara

The "-tara" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If/when afraid; If/when hesitant

Verb

#256810

ひるんだらしい

hirundarashii

Expresses appearance about a past event ("seems to have...")

1. Seemed to have flinched.; Seemed to have backed down.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんでくれ

hirunde kure

A casual, masculine request

1. Don't back down.; Don't flinch.

Verb

#513632

ひるんでちょうだい

hirunde chōdai

A casual, feminine request

1. Don't be shy.; Please don't hesitate.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんでくださいませ

hirunde kudasaimase

An extra polite request

1. Please don't be shy.; Please don't hesitate.

Verb

#1364363

ひるんでわならない

hirundewa naranai

Formal prohibition

1. Must not be afraid.; Must not shrink back.

Adjective

#1364363

ひるんでもよろしい

hirundemo yoroshii

Formal permission

1. May be excused for being timid.; It's alright to be afraid.

Adjective

#1364363

ひるむ【
怯む
】

hirumu

Word Pronunciation

Example Sentences

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Written Form

60 Variants Available