断ことわる

kotowaru

Godan Verb (ru)

1. to refuse; to reject; to dismiss; to turn down; to decline

Transitive

なぜ彼かれの申もうし出でを断ことわったのですか。

naze kareno mōshideo kotowatta nodesuka.

Why did you turn down his offer?

彼女かのじょは彼かれのアドバイスを断ことわりそうだ。なぜなら彼女かのじょは彼かれが好すきではないからだ。

kanojowa kareno adobaisuo kotowarisōda. nazenara kanojowa karega sukidewanaikarada.

She is likely to refuse to follow his advice, because she does not like him.

Godan Verb (ru)

2. to inform; to give notice; to ask in advance (and get approval); to get permission

Transitive

予あらかじめ断ことわりますが、今日きょうのブログは面白おもしろくないよ〜。

arakajime kotowarimasuga kyōno buroguwa omoshirokunaiyo

Just to warn you in advance, today's blog is no fun.

Godan Verb (ru)

3. to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)

Transitive

彼かれは断ことわりなく私わたくしの部屋へやに入はいってきた。

karewa kotowari naku watashino heyani haitte kita

He entered my room without permission.

Other forms:

60 Variants Available

Essential 8 items

断ことわった

kotowatta

The past form

1. Refused; Rejected

★ Common

Verb

#19315

断ことわって

kotowatte

て-form: Used to connect clauses, make requests, or chain actions

1. Rejecting; To refuse

★ Common

Verb

#18276

断ことわらない

kotowaranai

The negative form

1. Accept.

★ Common

Verb

#19824

断ことわらなかった

kotowaranakatta

The past negative form

1. Did not refuse.; Did not decline.

★ Common

Verb

#19739

断ことわりました

kotowarimashita

The polite past form

1. Refused; Declined

★ Common

Verb

#17977

断ことわります

kotowarimasu

The polite form

1. Decline; Refuse

★ Common

Verb

#18759

断ことわりません

kotowarimasen

The polite negative form

1. Do not refuse.; I don't decline.

★ Common

Verb

#15228

断ことわりませんでした

kotowarimasendeshita

The polite, past negative form

1. Did not refuse.; Did not decline.

★ Common

Verb

#20436

Common 24 items

断ことわったばかり

kotowattabakari

Indicates an action has just been completed

1. Just declined; Just refused

★ Common

Verb

#18125

断ことわっちゃう

kotowacchau

The completive aspect (contracted form) - indicates completion or regret

1. To cut off; To stop

★ Common

Verb

#15732

断ことわっちゃダメ

kotowaccha dame

A casual prohibition ("not allowed to...")

1. Don't cut it.; Don't stop.

★ Common

Verb

#18241

断ことわっていない

kotowatte inai

The negative of an ongoing action or state

1. Not doing; Not in progress

★ Common

Verb

#18148

断ことわっている

kotowatte iru

Expresses an ongoing action or state

1. Cutting off; Rejecting

★ Common

Verb

#19580

断ことわってはいけない

kotowattewa ikenai

Expresses prohibition ("must not do")

1. Must not refuse.; Must not reject.

★ Common

Adjective

#15818

断ことわってもいい

kotowattemo iu

Expresses permission ("may do")

1. May refuse.; It's okay to refuse.

★ Common

Adjective

#17997

断ことわっとく

kotowattoku

Preparatory: doing something in advance or leaving it done

1. Cut off.; Prepare beforehand.

★ Common

Verb

#19806

断ことわらないで

kotowaranaide

A plain negative request ("don't...")

1. Don't refuse.; Don't decline.

★ Common

Verb

#19090

断ことわらなきゃ

kotowaranakya

A casual expression of obligation ("gotta do")

1. Have to refuse.; Must decline.

★ Common

Verb

#17969

断ことわらなくてもいい

kotowaranakutemo iu

Expresses lack of necessity ("don't have to do")

1. Don't have to refuse.; No need to decline.

★ Common

Adjective

#19065

断ことわらなければならない

kotowaranakereba naranai

Expresses obligation ("must do")

1. Must refuse.; Have to decline.

★ Common

Adjective

#16136

断ことわりたい

kotowaritai

Expresses the desire to do something ("want to…")

1. Want to cut (off); Want to quit

★ Common

Verb

#15370

断ことわりたくない

kotowaritakunai

Expresses the lack of desire to do something ("do not want to…")

1. Don't want to refuse.; Don't want to decline.

★ Common

Verb

#18129

断ことわるところ

kotowaru tokoro

Indicates being about to do something

1. About to cut; Point of breaking

★ Common

Verb

#13680

断ことわるみたい

kotowaru mitai

Expresses appearance based on observation ("looks like...")

1. Looks like refusing; Seems like rejecting

★ Common

Verb

#18972

断ことわれない

kotowarenai

Expresses inability (cannot do)

1. Cannot refuse; Unable to say no

★ Common

Verb

#15020

断ことわれる

kotowareru

Expresses ability (can do)

1. Can refuse; Can decline

Verb

#12805

断ことわろう

kotowarō

Informal suggestion or intention ("let's…")

1. Let's cut [it/ties].; Let's break [it/off].

★ Common

Verb

#19250

断ことわっています

kotowatte imasu

Polite form for an ongoing action or state

1. Cutting.; Being cut.

★ Common

Verb

#20359

断ことわらないでください

kotowaranaide kudasai

A polite negative request ("please don't...")

1. Don't refuse.; Don't decline.

★ Common

Verb

#14830

断ことわりなさい

kotowarinasai

A polite command form (e.g., parent to child)

1. Refuse.; Don't do that.

★ Common

Verb

#20481

断ことわりましょう

kotowarimashō

Formal suggestion or intention ("let's…")

1. Let's decline.; Let's refuse.

★ Common

Verb

#16965

断ことわれます

kotowaremasu

The polite form for expressing ability

1. Can decline.; Can refuse.

★ Common

Verb

#17248

Advanced 28 items

断ことわったそうだ

kotowatta sōda

Expresses hearsay about a past event ("I heard that...")

1. Turned down; Rejected

★ Common

Verb

#15537

断ことわっただろう

kotowattadarō

Expresses probability ("probably…")

1. Rejected.; Probably rejected.

★ Common

Verb

#14353

断ことわったところ

kotowatta tokoro

Indicates just did something

1. Just declined.; Just refused.

★ Common

Verb

#20390

断ことわったら

kotowattara

The "-tara" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If/when broken; If/when disconnected

★ Common

Verb

#20247

断ことわったらしい

kotowattarashii

Expresses appearance about a past event ("seems to have...")

1. Turned down; Rejected

★ Common

Verb

#14707

断ことわってくれ

kotowatte kure

A casual, masculine request

1. Refuse me.; Turn me down.

★ Common

Verb

#17268

断ことわってちょうだい

kotowatte chōdai

A casual, feminine request

1. Reject me.; Turn me down.

★ Common

Verb

#19933

断ことわらせられる

kotowaraserareru

The causative-passive form (is made to be done)

1. To be made to break; To be forced to stop

★ Common

Verb

#18349

断ことわらせる

kotowaraseru

The causative voice (to make/let someone do)

1. To have [someone] break; To let [someone] break

★ Common

Verb

#15471

断ことわらないでくれ

kotowaranaide kure

A masculine negative request

1. Don't refuse.; Don't decline.

★ Common

Verb

#16768

断ことわらなければいけない

kotowaranakereba ikenai

Alternative obligation form

1. Must refuse; Have to decline

★ Common

Adjective

#17526

断ことわられる

kotowarareru

The passive voice (is done by …)

1. To be rejected; To be refused

★ Common

Verb

#18081

断ことわりがち

kotowarigachi

Indicates a tendency to do something

1. Prone to decline; Tends to refuse

★ Common

Verb

#19081

断ことわりきる

kotowarikiru

Emphasizes complete achievement

1. Cut off completely; Break off cleanly

★ Common

Verb

#16193

断ことわりそうだ

kotowarisōda

Expresses appearance from visual evidence

1. Looks like refusing.; Seems likely to reject.

★ Common

Verb

#17033

断ことわりっぱなし

kotowarippanashi

Indicates something is left in a state

1. Abruptly refused; Left unanswered

★ Common

Verb

#19197

断ことわりぬく

kotowarinuku

Emphasizes perseverance through completion

1. Break through; Persevere and finish

★ Common

Verb

#13685

断ことわるそうだ

kotowaru sōda

Expresses hearsay ("I heard that...")

1. They say (someone) refuses.; It is said (someone) declines.

★ Common

Verb

#18187

断ことわると

kotowaruto

The "-to" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If/when broken; If/when cut off

★ Common

Verb

#16404

断ことわるな

kotowaruna

A strong, direct prohibition ("don't!")

1. Don't refuse.; Don't decline.

★ Common

Verb

#17746

断ことわるなら

kotowarunara

The "-nara" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If refusing; When refusing

★ Common

Verb

#17389

断ことわるようだ

kotowaru yōda

A more formal way to express appearance ("appears that...")

1. Seems; Looks like

★ Common

Verb

#18224

断ことわるらしい

kotowarurashii

Expresses appearance based on inference ("seems that...")

1. Seems to refuse.; Apparently rejects.

★ Common

Verb

#20304

断ことわれ

kotoware

A strong, direct command

1. Refuse.; Say no.

★ Common

Verb

#20429

断ことわれば

kotowareba

The "-eba" conditional form ("if/when…")

1. If [one] breaks; When [one] breaks

★ Common

Verb

#13998

断ことわってくださいませ

kotowatte kudasaimase

An extra polite request

1. Please disconnect.; Please hang up.

★ Common

Verb

#15676

断ことわってはならない

kotowattewa naranai

Formal prohibition

1. Must not cut.; Must not sever.

★ Common

Adjective

#18828

断ことわってもよろしい

kotowattemo yoroshii

Formal permission

1. Permission to decline.; May I refuse?

★ Common

Adjective

#18681

断ことわる

kotowaru

Word Pronunciation

Example Sentences

60 Variants Available